When it comes to knee injuries, immediate thoughts focus on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) which often consumes the spotlight—but it's not the only ligament that matters. The lateral collateral ligament (LCL), located on the outside of the knee, plays a crucial role in stabilizing the joint. Injuries to this ligament are less common but can be just as serious. If unfamiliar with the LCL, you are not alone. Most people can only identify the last word in LCL – ligament. Lateral and collateral go unrecognized.
The LCL is a band of tissue that runs along the outside of the knee, connecting the femur (thigh bone) to the fibula (two bones between the knee and the ankle). Its primary job is to prevent the knee from buckling outward and to support side-to-side motion.
LCL injuries often result from trauma or high-impact sports like football, soccer, or skiing. A common cause is a direct blow to the inside of the knee, which puts stress on the outside. Twisting motions or landing awkwardly from a jump can also cause damage.
Knee injuries tend to share common symptoms; pain in the knee, swelling and tenderness, locking or catching, instability/weakness in the joint, stiffness/difficulty walking. If you are concerned there is damage to the LCL, many of the symptoms listed might be in-play, but with LCL injuries pain is very specific to the outside of the knee.
Most minor LCL injuries can be treated with rest, ice, compression, elevation (R.I.C.E.), and physical therapy. More severe tears may require bracing or even surgical repair. The severity of LCL injuries can range from mild stretching (Grade 1) to a complete tear (Grade 3) of the LCL.
If an LCL injury is suspected, an orthopedic specialist will perform a physical exam and may order advanced imaging such as an MRI to assess the extent of the damage. Recovery time varies based on severity of the injury. Mild injuries may heal in a few weeks, while more serious cases can take several months. Strengthening the muscles around the knee, using proper technique during sports, and wearing appropriate gear can help prevent future injuries.
It is important to seek a prompt diagnosis to identify if injury has occurred to protect long-term joint health. No pain, no gain is never the answer regarding orthopedic injuries. Playing through pain can cause further damage as well as affect recovery. LCL injuries must be addressed with the same vigor as an ACL/MCL. If you have been injured or are experiencing unfamiliar pain outside the knee, please contact a McBride specialist to schedule a full evaluation at mcboh.com or self-schedule 24/7 at your convenience.
